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Run an annual daylight study for a Honeybee model to compute hourly illuminance for each sensor in a model's sensor grids.
By default, this recipe uses an enhanced 2-phase method, which accurately models direct sun by tracing rays from each sensor to the solar position at each hour of the calculation. This makes the result suitable for computing Annual Sun Exposure (ASE) and for modeling the effects of dynamic shades and apertures.
When the enhanced_ option is set to False, a standard 2-phase method for simulation, which is much faster because it simply determines the relationship between each sensor and sky patch and then multiplies the value of each sky patch at each hour by the relationship coefficient. However, this means that the direct sun is spread out across a few sky patches, making it unsuitable for ASE.
The resulting illuminance is used to compute the following metrics:
Daylight Autonomy (DA) - The percentage of occupied hours that each sensor recieves more than the illuminance threshold. * Continuous Daylight Autonomy (cDA) - Similar to DA except that values below the illuminance threshold can still count partially towards the final percentage. * Useful Daylight Illuminance (UDI) - The percentage of occupied hours that illuminace falls between minimum and maximum thresholds
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which Annual Daylight will be simulated. Note that this model must have grids assigned to it.
wea [Required]
A Wea object produced from the Wea components that are under the Light Sources tab. This can also be the path to a .wea or a .epw file. Note that the Wea must have a timestep of 1 to be used with this recipe.
north
A number between -360 and 360 for the counterclockwise difference between the North and the positive Y-axis in degrees. This can also be Vector for the direction to North. (Default: 0).
thresholds
A string to change the threshold for daylight autonomy and useful daylight illuminance. Valid keys are -t for daylight autonomy threshold,
schedule
An annual occupancy schedule, either as a Ladybug Hourly Continuous Data Collection or a HB-Energy schedule object. This can also be the path to a CSV file with 8760 rows or the identifier of a schedule in the honeybee-energy schedule library. Any value in this schedule that is 0.1 or above will be considered occupied. If not provided, a default schedule that runs from 8 AM to 5 PM on weekdays will be used.
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -ad 5000 -lw 2e-05).
enhanced
Boolean to note whether an enhanced version of the 2-phase ray tracing simulation should be used, which will more accurately account for direct sun at each time step. If False, only a 2-phase daylight coefficient calculation with sky patches will be used, which is much faster but spreads the direct sun out across a few sky patches, making it unsuitable for ASE. (Default: True).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
Raw result files (.ill) that contain illuminance matrices for each sensor at each hour of the simulation. These can be postprocessed using various components under the 4::Results sub-tab.
DA
Daylight autonomy results in percent. DA is the percentage of occupied hours that each sensor recieves equal or more than the illuminance threshold. Each value is for a different sensor of the grid. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results. These can also be connected to the "HB Spatial Daylight Autonomy" component to compute spatial daylight autonomy for each grid. Note that the resulting sDA is only compliant with LEED if dynamic blinds have been simulated using the methods in IES-LM-83-12.
cDA
Continuous daylight autonomy results in percent. cDA is similar to DA except that values below the illuminance threshold can still count partially towards the final percentage. Each value is for a different sensor of the grid. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results.
UDI
Useful daylight illuminance results in percent. UDI is the percentage of occupied hours that illuminace falls between minimum and maximum thresholds. Each value is for a different sensor of the grid. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results.
UDI_low
Results for the percent of time that is below the lower threshold of useful daylight illuminance in percent. Each value is for a different sensor of the grid. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results.
UDI_up
Results for the percent of time that is above the upper threshold of useful daylight illuminance in percent. Each value is for a different sensor of the grid. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results.
Run a point-in-time view-based study for a Honeybee model.
Point-in-time view-based recipes require a sky and can output High Dynamic Range (HDR) images of illuminance, irradiance, luminance or radiance.
The view_count_ input can be used to split each view for parallel processing, producing multiple images that are recombined into a single .HDR for the view at the end of the recipe. The recombination process automatically includes an anti-aliasing pass that smooths and improves the quality of the image. The recipe also performs an overture calculation prior to splitting each view, which results in an image with better interpolation between neighboring pixels.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which a point-in-time view-based study will be run. Note that this model should have views assigned to it in order to produce meaningfule results.
sky [Required]
A Radiance sky from any of the sky components under the "Light Sources" tab. Skies can be either CIE, ClimateBased/Custom, or for a specific Illuminance/Irradiance. This input can also just be a text definition of a sky's paramters. Examples include:
metric
Either an integer or the full name of a point-in-time metric to be computed by the recipe. (Default: luminance). Choose from the following:
resolution
An integer for the maximum dimension of each image in pixels (either width or height depending on the input view angle and type). (Default: 800).
view_filter
Text for a view identifer or a pattern to filter the views of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the views that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all views in the model will be simulated.
skip_overture
A boolean to note whether an ambient file (.amb) should be generated for an overture calculation before the view is split into smaller views. With an overture calculation, the ambient file (aka ambient cache) is first populated with values. Thereby ensuring that - when reused to create an image - Radiance uses interpolation between already calculated values rather than less reliable extrapolation. The overture calculation has comparatively small computation time to full rendering but is single-core can become time consuming in situations with a high view_count_ and workers.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -aa 0.25 -ad 512 -ar 16).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
High Dynamic Range (HDR) images for each View in the model. These can be plugged into the Ladybug "Image Viewer" component to preview the image. They can also be plugged into the "HB False Color" component to convert the image into a false color version. Lastly, it can be connected to the "HB HDR to GIF" component to get a GIF image that is more portable and easily previewed by different software. Pixel values are in the standard SI units of the requested input metric.
Run a point-in-time grid-based study for a Honeybee model.
Point-in-time recipes require a sky and can output illuminance, irradiance, luminance or radiance.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which a point-in-time grid-based study will be run. Note that this model should have grids assigned to it in order to produce meaningfule results.
sky [Required]
A Radiance sky from any of the sky components under the "Light Sources" tab. Skies can be either CIE, ClimateBased/Custom, or for a specific Illuminance/Irradiance. This input can also just be a text definition of a sky's paramters. Examples include:
metric
Either an integer or the full name of a point-in-time metric to be computed by the recipe. (Default: illuminance). Choose from the following:
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -aa 0.1 -ad 2048 -ar 64).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
Numbers for the point-in-time value at each sensor. Values are in the standard SI units of the requested input metric. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results.
Run an annual irradiance study for a Honeybee model to compute hourly solar irradiance for each sensor in a model's sensor grids.
The fundamental calculation of this recipe is the same as that of "HB Annual Daylight" in that an enhaced 2-phase method is used to accurately account for direct sun at each simulation step. However, this recipe computes broadband solar irradiance in W/m2 instead of visible illuminance in lux.
Consequently, the average irradiance and cumulative radiation values produced from this recipe are more accurate than those produced by the "HB Cumulative Radiation" recipe. Furthermore, because the hourly irriadiance values are accurate, this recipe can be used to evaluate peak_irradiance and determine the worst-case solar loads over clear sky Weas that represent cooling design days.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which Annual Irradiance will be simulated. Note that this model must have grids assigned to it.
wea [Required]
A Wea object produced from the Wea components that are under the Light Sources tab. This can also be the path to a .wea or a .epw file.
timestep
An integer for the timestep of the inpput _wea. This value is used to compute average irradiance and cumulative radiation. (Default: 1)
visible
Boolean to indicate the type of irradiance output, which can be solar (False) or visible (True). Note that the output values will still be irradiance (W/m2) when "visible" is selected but these irradiance values will be just for the visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum. The visible irradiance values can be converted into illuminance by multiplying them by the Radiance luminous efficacy factor of 179. (Default: False).
north
A number between -360 and 360 for the counterclockwise difference between the North and the positive Y-axis in degrees. This can also be Vector for the direction to North. (Default: 0).
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -ad 5000 -lw 2e-05).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
Raw result files (.ill) that contain matrices of irradiance in W/m2 for each time step of the wea.
res_direct
Raw result files (.ill) that contain irradiance matrices for just the direct sun at each hour of the simulation. These can be postprocessed using various components under the 4::Results sub-tab.
avg_irr
The average irradiance in W/m2 for each sensor over the Wea time period.
peak_irr
The highest irradiance value in W/m2 during the Wea time period. This is suitable for assessing the worst-case solar load of clear skies on cooling design days. It can also be used to determine the highest radiant temperatures that occupants might experience in over the time period of the Wea.
radiation
The cumulative radiation in kWh/m2 over the Wea time period.
-
Run an annual glare study for a Honeybee model to compute hourly Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) for each sensor in a model's sensor grids.
This recipe uses the image-less glare method developed by Nathaniel Jones to estimate glare at each sensor. More information on this method can be found here: https://github.com/nljones/Accelerad/wiki/The-Imageless-Method-for-Spatial-and-Annual-Glare-Analysis
The resulting DGP is used to compute Glare Autonomy (GA), which is the percentage of occupied time that a view is free of glare.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which Annual Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) will be simulated. Note that this model must have grids assigned to it and, typically, these are radial grids created using the "radial grid" components.
wea [Required]
A Wea object produced from the Wea components that are under the Light Sources tab. This can also be the path to a .wea or a .epw file. Note that the Wea must have a timestep of 1 to be used with this recipe.
north
A number between -360 and 360 for the counterclockwise difference between the North and the positive Y-axis in degrees. This can also be Vector for the direction to North. (Default: 0).
glare_thresh
A fractional number for the threshold of DGP above which conditions are considered to induce glare. This value is used when calculating glare autonomy, which is the percent of hours in which the view is free of glare. (Default: 0.4 for disturbing or intolerable glare).
luminance_fac
Luminance factor in cd/m2. If the sky patch brightness is above this factor it will act as a glare source. (Default: 2000).
schedule
An annual occupancy schedule, either as a Ladybug Hourly Continuous Data Collection or a HB-Energy schedule object. This can also be the path to a CSV file with 8760 rows or the identifier of a schedule in the honeybee-energy schedule library. Any value in this schedule that is 0.1 or above will be considered occupied.
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -ad 5000 -lw 2e-05).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
Raw result files (.dgp) that contain Daylight Glare Probability (DGP) matrices for each sensor at each hour of the simulation. These can be postprocessed using various components under the 4::Results sub-tab.
GA
Glare Autonomy (GA) results in percent. GA is the percentage of occupied hours that each view is free of glare (with a DGP below the glare threshold). These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results.
-
Run a cumulative radiation study for a Honeybee model.
This recipe calculates cumulative radiation (kWh/m2) and average irradiance (W/m2) over the time period of a specified Wea.
The fundamental calculation of this recipe is the same as that of the "LB Incident Radiation" component except that this recipe uses Radiance and can therefore account for ambient reflections. Like LB Incident Radiation, the direct sun in this recipe is diffused between several sky patches and so the precise line between shadow and sun for each hour is blurred. This approximation is acceptable for studies where one is only concerned about the average/total conditions over time and the timestep-by-timestep irradiance values do not need to be exact. For accurate modeling of direct irradiance on a timestep-by-timestep basis, see the "HB Annual Irradiance" recipe.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which Cumulative Radiation will be simulated. Note that this model should have grids assigned to it.
wea [Required]
A Wea object produced from the Wea components that are under the Light Sources tab. This can also be the path to a .wea or a .epw file.
timestep
An integer for the timestep of the inpput _wea. (Default: 1)
sky_density
An integer for the number of times that that the original Tregenza sky patches are subdivided. 1 indicates that 145 patches are used to describe the sky hemisphere, 2 indicates that 577 patches describe the hemisphere, and each successive value will roughly quadruple the number of patches used. Setting this to a high value will result in a more accurate analysis but will take longer to run. (Default: 1).
north
A number between -360 and 360 for the counterclockwise difference between the North and the positive Y-axis in degrees. This can also be Vector for the direction to North. (Default: 0).
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -ad 5000 -lw 2e-05).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
avg_irr
The average irradiance in W/m2 for each sensor over the Wea time period.
radiation
The cumulative radiation in kWh/m2 over the Wea time period.
Run a daylight factor study for a Honeybee model.
Daylight Factor (DF) is defined as the ratio of the indoor daylight illuminance to outdoor illuminance under an unobstructed overcast sky. It is expressed as a percentage between 0 and 100.
Because daylight factor is computed using an overcast sky, it does not change with [North, East, South, West] orientation. As such, it is more suited to assessing daylight in climates where cloudy conditions are common. The "HB Annual Daylight" recipe yields a much more accurate assessment of daylight and is suitable for all climates, though it requires a significantly longer calculation time than Daylight Factor.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which Daylight Factor will be simulated. Note that this model should have grids assigned to it in order to produce meaningfule results.
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -aa 0.1 -ad 2048 -ar 64).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
The daylight factor values from the simulation in percent. Each value is for a different sensor of the grid. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results.
Calculate the number of hours of direct sun received by grids of sensors in a Honeybee model.
The fundamental calculation of this recipe is the same as that of the "LB Direct Sun Hours" component except that this recipe uses Radiance, which allows the simulation to scale better for large numbers of sensors.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which Direct Sun Hours will be simulated. Note that this model should have grids assigned to it in order to produce meaningfule results.
wea [Required]
A Wea object produced from the Wea components that are under the Light Sources tab. This can also be the path to a .wea or a .epw file.
timestep
An integer for the timestep of the inpput _wea. This value will be used to ensure the units of the results are in hours. (Default: 1)
north
A number between -360 and 360 for the counterclockwise difference between the North and the positive Y-axis in degrees. This can also be Vector for the direction to North. (Default: 0).
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results. This input can also be the integer "2" to run the recipe silently.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
Raw result files (.ill) that contain matrices of zero/one values indicating whether each sensor is exposed to the sun at a given time step of the input Wea.
hours
The cumulative number of hours that each sensor can see the sun. Each value is always in hours provided that the input timestep is the same as the input Wea.
Run a Sky View (SV) study for a Honeybee model.
Sky View is defined as the percent of the sky dome seen by a surface. These can be computed either using a uniform (default) sky or a cloudy sky.
Note that computing cloudy Sky View for a vertically-oriented geometry (horizontal sensor direction) will yield Vertical Sky Component (VSC) as described by the UK Building Research Establishment (BRE). VSC is defined as the ratio of cloudy sky illuminance falling on a vertical wall to the simultaneous horizontal illuminance under an unobstructed sky [Littlefair, 1991].
Also note that this recipe still respects the transparency of objects, reducing the percentage of the sky visible through a certain geometry by the transmittance of that geometry.
model [Required]
A Honeybee Model for which Sky View or Wky Exposure will be simulated. Note that this model should have grids assigned to it in order to produce meaningful results.
cloudy_sky
A boolean to note whether a uniform sky should be used (False) or a cloudy overcast sky (True). (Default: False).
grid_filter
Text for a grid identifer or a pattern to filter the sensor grids of the model that are simulated. For instance, first_floor_* will simulate only the sensor grids that have an identifier that starts with first_floor_. By default, all grids in the model will be simulated.
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -aa 0.1 -ad 2048 -ar 64).
run_settings
Settings from the "HB Recipe Settings" component that specify how the recipe should be run. This can also be a text string of recipe settings.
run [Required]
Set to True to run the recipe and get results.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
results
Numbers for the sky view or sky exposure at each sensor. These can be plugged into the "LB Spatial Heatmap" component along with meshes of the sensor grids to visualize results. Values are in percent (between 0 and 100).
Run a quick view-based Radiance simulation to visualize the properties of Honeybee objects within Radiance.
Note that this simulation is always run on a single processor and will only show static Radiance properties (no dynamic Aperture or Shade properties). Accordingly, this component is only intended for quick checks of properties. For full customization of view-based simulations, the "HB Point-in-time View-based" recipe should be used.
hb_objs [Required]
An array of honeybee Rooms, Faces, Apertures, Doors or Shades to be visualized in Radiance. This can also be an entire Model to be visualized.
view
An optional Honeybee-Radiance view to specify the view to render. If unspecified, the currently active Rhino viewport will be rendered.
sky
An optional Radiance sky from any of the sky components under the "Light Sources" tab. If unspecified, a uniform sky with 10000 lux will be used.
adj_expos
Boolean to note whether the exposure of the image should be adjusted to mimic the human visual response in the output. The goal of this process is to output an image that correlates more strongly with a person’s subjective impression of a scene rather than the absolute birghtness of the scene. (Default: True).
metric
Either an integer or the full name of a point-in-time metric to be computed by the recipe. (Default: luminance). Choose from the following:
0 = illuminance
1 = irradiance
2 = luminance
3 = radiance
resolution
An integer for the maximum dimension of each image in pixels (either width or height depending on the input view angle and type). (Default: 800).
radiance_par
Text for the radiance parameters to be used for ray tracing. (Default: -ab 2 -aa 0.25 -ad 512 -ar 16).
run [Required]
Set to "True" to run Radiance and get an image of the scene.
report
Reports, errors, warnings, etc.
hdr
A High Dynamic Range (HDR) image of the scene. This can be plugged into the Ladybug "Image Viewer" component to preview the image. It can also be plugged into the "HB False Color" component to convert the image into a false color version. Lastly, it can be connected to the "HB HDR to GIF" component to get a GIF image that is more portable and easily previewed by different software. Pixel values are in the standard SI units of the requested input metric.
illuminance = lux (aka. lm/m2)
irradiance = W/m2
luminance = cd/m2 (aka. lm/m2-sr)
radiance = W/m2-sr
Get recommended Radiance parameters given a recipe type and a level of detail.
The original recommendation for the various Radiance paramters comes from this document. http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance/refer/Notes/rpict_options.html
This presentation by John Mardaljevic gives a good overview of the meaning of each radiance paramter. http://radiance-online.org/community/workshops/2011-berkeley-ca/presentations/day1/JM_AmbientCalculation.pdf
recipe_type [Required]
An integer or text for the type of recipe. Acceptable text inputs are either the full text of the recipe type (eg. point-in-time-grid) or the name of the Radiance command for which the parameters are being used (eg. rtrace). Choose from the following options.
0 | rtrace | point-in-time-grid | daylight-factor
1 | rpict | point-in-time-view
2 | rfluxmtx | annual
detail_level
An integer or text for the level of detail/quality for which radiance parameters will be output. (Default: 0 for low). Choose from the following options.
0 | low
1 | medium
2 | high
additional_par
Text to override the Radiance parameters as needed. Radiance's standard syntax must be followed (e.g. -ps 1 -lw 0.01).
rad_par
Radiance parameters as a text string. These can be plugged into the radiancepar input of the various recipes.
Get the recommended ambient resoluation (-ar) needed to resolve details with a given dimension in model units.
This recommendation is derived from the overall dimensions of the Radince scene being simulated as well as the ambient accuracy (-aa) being used in the simulation.
The result from this component can be plugged directly into the additional_par_ of the "HB Radiance Parameter" component or into the radiance_par of any recipe components.
model [Required]
The Honeybee Model being used for Radiance simulation.
detail_dim [Required]
A number in model units that represents the dimension of the smallest detail that must be resolved in the Radiance simulation.
aa
An number for ambient accuracy (-aa) being used in the Radiance smiulation. This value should be matched between this component and the component into which the ouput ar is being input. (Default: 0.25 for low-resolution Radiance studies).
ar
The abmient resolution needed to resolve the detail_dim as a text string. These can be plugged into the additional_par of the "HB Radiance Parameter" component or the radiance_par_ input of the recipes.
